Saturday, April 21, 2018

The Condemnation of the Messiah (Matthew 26:57-68)


Recapitulation

At the end of Matthew 22, we looked at a question Jesus tossed back to His questioners earlier in the week.  They had been asking Him trick questions which He answered handily and then He said, Let Me ask you something, “Whose Son is the Christ?”  Yes, He is David’s son but why, then, does David call Him “Lord” in Psalm 110:1?  The inescapable conclusion was that the Messiah must also be the Son of God but they were unwilling to say that publicly when so many were on the verge of proclaiming Him to be the Messiah.

Are You the Messiah?

But now that they have arrested Jesus in the dead of night and have Him in front of the Sanhedrin and the elders and the high priest Caiaphas, this question will be used against Him.  But first, let us look at the passage in Matthew 26:57-68.

Condemned by Caiaphas

Matthew tells us that the mob who had arrested Jesus took Him to the home of Caiaphas the high priest.  But we learn in John 18 that they made a stopover at Annas’ house before going to see Caiaphas.  Annas was the father-in-law of Caiaphas.  Matthew apparently wants to get right to the official proceeding before the Sanhedrin which would result in Jesus’ condemnation.  John is pointing out that the whole procedure was so highly irregular that no one seemed to know where to take Him while Matthew was examining the condemnation itself.

Peter’s Determined Surveillance

Matthew has this interesting interplay between what is happening with Jesus and what is happening with Peter.  We learn from Matthew that Peter was following at a distance.  He had been pretty bold in his insistence that he wouldn’t deny the Lord so, heart pounding, he follows even though he had nearly taken one guy’s head off. But at Caiaphas’ house, his fellow disciple John tells us that he got Peter past the guard into the courtyard because he was “known” to the high priest.  John could apparently come and go—unlike Peter.  Matthew skips this information about John and only tells us that Peter was in the courtyard warming himself by the fire with the soldiers.  The night was getting colder.  So far, Peter was determined to see this thing through to the end.  We will look at how his determination to remain loyal to Jesus worked out next time.  But so far, He is sticking by his word.

Night Court

Meanwhile, inside the house—which was more like a palace—the official Jewish religious court, called the Sanhedrin, had been summoned—in the middle of the night—to hear the case against Jesus.  They normally heard cases in the daylight in a chamber adjoining the Temple.  But, this trial was held at night lest the people get wind of it and begin rioting—causing problems for the Sanhedrin with the Roman government

The Sanhedrin’s Case

So, what was the Sanhedrin’s case against Jesus?  So far, they had nothing legally but notice that they had either already assembled and were only awaiting the arrival of Jesus for a secret trial or were summoned after midnight!  They were meeting at a time and place that would allow the trial to proceed without fear of interference by rioting.  Matthew has already pointed out in several places they had already predetermined they wanted to execute Him for a couple of reasons.  1)  He was a danger to the precarious political balance of power in Israel which could cost them their power and position.  2) He had offended them greatly in exposing their hypocrisy and collusion with Rome before the people.  And they were already between a rock and a hard place—between Roman politics and Jewish moral sensitivity.  Jesus had to die.  But they needed a legal pretense—something that would satisfy both the people and Rome.  Surely somebody could find some dirt somewhere! 

The Search for Sin

Matthew has already indicated that the process of looking for something to charge Him with had been going on for some time.  Remember how they had spent the week asking Him trick questions?  And tonight they began interviewing potential pairs of witnesses—people who would swear to having witnessed some infraction of the law.  The law required two witnesses for any charge to stick.  But they couldn’t come up with two accusers who could agree on a valid accusation.

Finally, they found two guys whose accusation was pretty flimsy and more of a technicality, but they swore before God that they heard Jesus say that “I am able to destroy the temple of God and to rebuild it in three days.”  Now Jesus HAD said something like this in John 2:19 although Matthew did not record it.  According to John, Jesus was asked for a sign early in His ministry right after the first cleansing of the temple and He told them, “Destroy this temple and in three days I will raise it up.”  John notes there that Jesus was speaking of the temple of His body.  So, Jesus was not threatening to destroy THE temple but rather to restore it after THEY destroyed it.  These witnesses had heard Him wrongly –and perhaps this is reasonable after three years for them to get it wrong—or perhaps it was a deliberate bearing of false witness.  And, the technicality they seized upon was that you weren’t supposed to speak evil against the temple of God and so now they had false witnesses who swore that Jesus had blasphemed against the holy temple.  The irony is that THEY were planning to destroy Jesus’ temple!

Cross-Examination

Flimsy, but enough to allow Jesus to be cross-examined about this accusation.  But, Jesus refused to answer.  He wasn’t about to defend Himself.  There was nothing to defend.  This exasperated the High Priest so much that he finally exploded, “I adjure you, by the Living God, tell us if you are the Christ, the Son of God.”  Aha!  This is also the answer to the very question they refused to answer a few days earlier in public.  The Messiah—the Christ—was not only David’s son but also the Son of God!  And they knew it yet refused to admit it publicly.  But would Jesus now admit that He was the Christ?

Jesus’ Confession

Many people have made the claim that Jesus never said He was the Christ.  Or never said He was God.  But look at Jesus’ reply!  “You have said so,” in the ESV and NIV.  “You have said it.”  (NLT) “You have said it yourself,” (NASB). “Yes, I am,” (God’s Word Translation).  In today’s vernacular He might have said, “Bingo,” or “You got it.”

But not only that.  He added, “And the time is coming when you will see the Son of Man seated at the right hand of power and coming on the clouds of heaven.”  (My translation).  This is a well-known quote from Daniel 7:13 where Daniel has a vision of the return of the Messiah in power and great glory.  The high priest was well-acquainted with the passage and knew that Jesus was claiming to be this Holy One that Daniel saw.

Condemnation

He was horrified that a mere man would claim to be the Christ.  In his eyes, this was blasphemy indeed.  No need for false accusations!  He tore his robes and said, “What more do we need?”  (Later in the book of Acts, Paul and Barnabas had healed a lame man in the town of Lystra and the people assumed they were Roman gods come down in the guise of men and wanted to sacrifice to them!   But Paul and Barnabas tore their clothes and told them the truth and could barely restrain them.) The Sanhedrin was also shocked by Jesus affirmation.  They quickly condemned Him to death.  

Striking the Shepherd

Now, it is possible that some members may not have agreed—like Nicodemus or Joseph of Arimathea.  We do not have the names of those who were present. But Matthew tells us that they took turns hitting Him and spitting on Him and abusing Him before delivering Him to Pilate the governor for sentencing and execution.  The Romans did not allow the Sanhedrin to carry out capital punishment.

The Offense of the Messiah

Isn’t it interesting, that 2,000 years later, people, even believers, are still offended by and resist Jesus’ message.  Why?  It is really for some of the same reasons the Sanhedrin accused Him.   1)  He still exposes hidden sins.  2) He calls for change in our lifestyle.  3) He challenges our most deeply held beliefs—and unbelief.  And there are many ways Jesus will continue to challenge us even after we begin to follow Him.  Peter was one of those we will look at next.

© 2018 Eric Thimell

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